Archetypes Portrayed Throughout Arthur Miller's "The Crucible"

After reading “The Crucible” by Arthur Miller, I realized that there are many archetypal characters throughout the text. For instance, John Proctor is an example of someone who displays the archetype of a hero because of the journey he is on throughout the play to expose the witches that are creating havoc in Salem while also protecting himself and those around him. Also, Abigail is another person who displays the archetype of trickster. I think this because during the play, she deceives the entire town into accusing others of witchery when she herself is the real witch. Another point I thought about is how similar some of the characters are compared to other characters in different plays. In the book “Hamlet” by Shakespeare, I thought that both protagonists of the plays were very similar to each other (Hamlet and John Proctor). The reason why I think that is because both have similar motives. For example, in the third act of “the Crucible”, John Proctor tries to get revenge on Abigail for trying to accuse his wife by trying to expose her to the court for her witchery (Miller 110). Similarly, in “Hamlet”, Hamlet seeks revenge on the person that killed his father by saying to the ghost, “Haste me to know 't, that I, with wings as swift As meditation or the thoughts of love, May sweep to my revenge.” (Shakespeare 58). In my opinion, these two both show the hero archetype in a similar way because both of their goals in their plays were to get revenge on those who tried to harm them and the people they loved. Likewise, Abigail is similar to Claudius as both of their main purposes were to deceive everyone so that the main protagonist is unable to reach their goal of getting revenge. During the first act of the Crucible, Abigail refuses to admit to witchcraft so she deceives Parris into thinking that Elizabeth is the real witch by saying, “There be no blush about my name…hates me, uncle, she must, for I would not be her slave. It’s a bitter woman, a lying, cold, sniveling woman, and I will not work for such a woman!” (Miller 12). I thought that she was very alike to Claudius because of how he deceives Hamlet into thinking that he was talking only to his mother while hiding in the curtains (Shakespeare 171). This shows that these two characters display the archetype of the trickster as they both try to deceive those around them to make sure that the main character doesn’t reach their goal. As for archetypal symbols, there are little to none found throughout the entire play as it focuses solely on the archetypes of the character. Compared to other main characters from different books/plays, John Proctor has many differences that make him more interesting than the typical hero archetype. For example, in the play, he isn’t perfect and tends to make reckless decisions that results in his death whereas in other books, main characters seem to never make bad decisions and live to see a happy ending. Even though there are differences, he is somewhat similar to other typical heroes as he develops massively throughout the play to become a lot more brave.

Miller, Arthur. The Crucible. Oxford University Press, 2019.
Shakespeare, William, and George Rylands. Hamlet. Oxford University Press, 1993.